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I am trying to understand the workings of the NMR transmission more closely. I understand how the sinusoidally varying magnetic field created by the coil is used to tip the protons by 90deg.

I am having hard time understanding however, how using the phase shifted versions of the transmitted wave, one could achieve a 90(x') versus. 90(y') "tipping" of the protons?

Another question I have is why is circularly polarized magnetic field is required for this?

I have RF background, but I am new to the NMR community, and trying to fill the gap between how RF works and how it is used for the purpose of NMR.

I appreciate any help in answering these questions, or even if someone points me to a textbook or research article that explains this...

Thank you.

asked May 19 '12 at 13:31

Aniket's gravatar image

Aniket
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A complete description of magnetization in the rotating frame is much too lengthy for discussion here. A good description of the whole concept of the rotating frame and how a pulse effects the magnetization vector(s) is given in a very old but quite good book called "Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR" by TC Farrar and ED Becker. You can also look at "Modern NMR Techniques for Chemistry Research" by Andrew Derome and "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance" by PJ Hore. These are just a few that come to mind - I know there are many more. These books explain the whole concept of the phase of the B1 field and how it relates to the rotating frame very well. I also have a Power Point presentation that I can send you (some of it based on Farrar and Becker) that I use in teaching.

A very enlightening paper is "The Magnetic Resonance Myth of Radio Waves" by DI Hoult (Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. 1, 1 (1989)) which helps to counter some of the strange beliefs held in the Medical MRI community and sometimes by spectroscopy books aimed at organic chemists.

Although the vector description of pulse NMR assumes a circularly polarized B1 field, NMR spectrometers typically use a linearly polarized B1 field - although it is certainly possible to generate a circularly polarized field using two coils in quadrature. Any linearly polarized field can be decomposed into two counter rotating circularly polarized fields. You simply ignore the one that is rotating in the "wrong" direction at the price of throwing away half of your transmitter power. This is exactly the same as the 3 dB loss that occurs between linear and circularly porarized antennas at two ends of a communication link.

link

answered May 22 '12 at 09:01

Kirk%20Marat's gravatar image

Kirk Marat
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Thanks Kirk for responding. I will take a look at these books that you refer. I have read the paper by Hoult which has definitely helped in demystifying some of my concepts. I have emailed you to get hold of the slides. I think they would be helpful. Thanks. - Aniket (May 22 '12 at 10:35)

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